Adolf Hitlers Machiavellian Strategy Essay - 652 Words

Adolf Hitlers Machiavellian Strategy Machiavelli’s The Prince outlines tactics for a leader to seize and maintain lands under his power. His tactics have been demonstrated repeatedly throughout history, and though his approach is hardly ethical or idealistic, one cannot deny the fact that it has proved to be effective. Hitler is an example that exemplifies the accuracy of what Machiavelli said would bring success in the acquisition of new provinces. One topic Machiavelli focuses on, especially in Part II, are different types of troops. Had he seen Hitler’s army, he would have classified the troops as native, and would have applauded Hitler’s choice in troops over mercenary (men who fight for money,) auxiliary (foreign†¦show more content†¦Furthermore it contained people from various religions, including Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, and atheists, such as communists. Hitler had built the support of an entire nativist Nazi army over the years with the Beer Hall Putsch, his book Mein Kampf, a book that narrates his struggle in Germany, and his tremendous oratory skills. Using this army he was able to bully his way into a dictatorial position and dissolve the Reichstag, eliminating the last bit of democratic government left in Germany. Once in power, he was able to successfully stay in power by using the guidelines given in The Prince. The work acknowledges that mixed principalities are of the more difficult to control. To hold such a land in your power, you must first extinguish the line of princes (15). In Hitler’s case, the princes meant anyone who had any sort of political power in Germany, and he was swift and efficient in killing them, and outlawing their political parties. Machiavelli also said it is better not to share power, and Hitler followed this by killing all those in his own Nazi party that had any sort of power, including his whole elite blackshirt army. The final, and most important issue of maintaining a mixed principality is the use of force and strict policies, which Hitler used without fail. Acquiring and maintaining rule over new principalitiesShow MoreRelatedConnections Between Hitler And The Prince1307 Words   |  6 PagesConnections between Hitler and The Prince Hitler said, â€Å"Germany will either be a world power or will not be at all† (â€Å"Adolf Hitler Quote†). Adolph Hitler became the leader of the German Nazi party in 1933. His leadership was both loved and despised. He controlled the Nazi party for more than a decade (â€Å"Adolph Hitler†). Considering the length of Hitler’s reign, he must have had leadership qualities that people found admirable or they feared him so greatly that no one would attempt to overthrowRead MoreHitler s Inexorable Of Power1775 Words   |  8 PagesHitler’s Maniacal Rise to Power: Rough Draft #1 After World War I, Germany was in ruins. Not only was Germany physically damaged, the people’s morale was destroyed. From the fiery ashes of WWI, a German leader arose and preached a message of patriotism, prosperity, and racial purity. He launched a crusade for a 1,000 year empire, setting the stage for tragedy like none the world had ever seen before. After World War I, Adolf Hitler was able to rise to power due to the weakened Weimar Republic,Read MoreNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 Pages  quantum mysticism,  spiritualism, and  Theosophy.[5]  Thus, New Age conspiracy theorists, such as the makers of documentary films like  Esoteric Agenda, claim that globalists who plot on behalf of the New World Order are simply misusing occultism for  Machiavellian  ends, such as adopting 21 December 2012 as the exact date for the establishment of the New World Order in order to take advantage of the growing  2012 phenomenon, which has its orig ins in the fringe  Mayanist  theories of New Age writers  Josà © Argà ¼ellesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY

A Report On The Underwater World - 1833 Words

I throw on all of my gear on my back and shuffle to the end of the boat to jump off into the deep ocean below. I hold my mask and regulator tight onto my face as I take the plunge. The underwater world takes on a new persona as its inhabitants are magnified through my goggles. Bubbles float up past my head as I slowly and deeply breathe through my regulator while keeping my body neutrally buoyant to prevent myself from touching the marine life below. My fins cut through the water as they attempt to propel me against the strong ocean current over large kelp forests. Fish of all shapes and sizes swim up to investigate who I am and what I am doing in their underwater world. I was lucky enough during spring break to take part in an Open Water scuba diving course and receive my diving certification that allows me to dive anywhere in the world up to eighteen meters deep. Over the weekend, I headed down first to Rye Pier and then Port Phillip Heads Marine National Park in Victoria to give diving in the ocean a try after taking my first few breaths underwater in a local pool. We began with shore dives and proceeded to diving off a boat once we felt comfortable in the ocean. Port Phillip Heads Marine National Park was established in November of 2002 as marine conservation awareness became more prevalent in Victoria as well as throughout Australia. It is home to six marine areas (Swan Bay, Mud Islands, Point Lonsdale, and Point Nepean) along with the two dive sites that we explored:Show MoreRelatedBest Buy Co., Inc.1225 Words   |  5 PagesAndrews, COO Natalie Beers, CCO Sara Orner, CMO UnderWater Tempo December 1, 2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION UnderWater Tempo would like to partner with Best Buy to sell the BlueWave underwater/waterproof speaker. A company like Best Buy that sells the most up to date and high end technology devices could benefit financially by adding an advanced and unique waterproof speaker. This report will include: †¢ Details of specific features ofRead MoreUnderwater Photography : An Enthusiast Of The Sport1108 Words   |  5 PagesWhen thinking about a choice for the subject of this assignment, I knew I wanted to look into underwater photographers. I am a recently certified scuba diver and have quickly become an enthusiast of the sport. My recent purchase of a GoPro camera inspired my interest in photography and in taking this course. Underwater photography was naturally something I wanted to know more about. In my initial research, I found several professionals; most of whom would have been very suitable for this assignmentRead MorePersuasive Essay On Ocean Exploration1086 Words   |  5 PagesReason Paragraph For one thing, ocean exploration technology benefits us with knowing what is happening. The drone can give us reports on weather and populations of ocean creatures. Because of the new technology in the drone, it can stay underwater for weeks at a time. This gives us more in depth reports and data. One example of this is, the coral reefs. With the world ignoring the problems, the reefs are dying. (#2) With the drone we can get this data. It can also look at fish population. AccordingRead MoreRiblets and Tripwires and their Role in Reducing Drag over Underwater Aerofoils 1129 Words   |  5 Pagesreduction in air and underwater vehicles, such as airplanes and submarines, are increasingly being investigated as they reduce the cost of operation of the vehicle by increasing its speed and efficiency. This essay discusses riblets and tripwires, and their use in drag reduction technology. Their optimal specifications, mechanism of functioning and potential applications for drag reduction ov er underwater aerofoils have also been dealt with. Riblets and tripwires In case of underwater vehicles, fluidRead More Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico853 Words   |  3 Pagesimpossible. One of the most endangered species of the sea were also affected by the oil spills of the gulf, sea turtles. Turtles covered in oil were at risk of breathing the toxins of the oil, potentially damaging their respiratory system. Texas residents report that dead sea turtles continue to wash up. Although it is estimated that about 6,000 sea turtles have been harmed by the oil spill, only 1,146 have been officially collected. I think that the most memorable images of the catastrophic oil spillRead MoreKnowing Why Airplanes Crash Is Important Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pages Clues About the Lost Malaysia Flight Found on Rooftop Antennas. 11 April 2014. Web Site. 12 April 2014. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-04-10/clues-about-the-lost-malaysia-flight-found-on-rooftop-antennas.html. BEA. Final Report-AF447. 27 June 2012. Final Report. Web Site. 3 April 2014. —. Flight Data Recovery Working Group. December 2009. BEA. Web site. 30 March 2014. —. flight.af.447-flight.data.recovery.working.group.final.report.pdf. 22 December 2009. Adobe Acrobat Reader. http://wwwRead MoreFishing for Trouble Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pages In 1999 near the Galapagos Islands, Rob Stewart, 22, an underwater photographer and filmmaker, was driving when he discovered something that changed his life forever. It was a long line fishing rig hung with hundreds of dead sharks on a single fishing line that Stewart explained had the potential to reach from Earth to space. This fishing line is known by conservationists as a â€Å"curtain of death† (Kielburger). Overfishing is the fishing of a species at levels too high for the species to reproduceRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change1136 Words   |  5 Pagesscientific report cited Bangladesh, one of the â€Å"potential impact hotspots† and menacing by â€Å"extreme river floods, more intense tropical cyclones, rising sea levels and very high temperatures† (the world b ank). Reports warns, rainfall will leave many agricultural areas under water within next 20 - 30 years, if the rainfall pattern shifts. According to the word bank scientist, if global temperature rises by 4 degree Celsius by 2090, the result will worst and the whole land can be underwater. The increasingRead MoreStrategic Direction And Global Security Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagesperiods while additional forces move to the area of concern using the GSS system. Increased Navy and Air investments in submarines, ships, aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV’s) and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV’s) is critical. The Navy and Air Force allows us to project power to areas of the world far from our base of operations. Air power also enables us to provide support for ground forces while providing deterrence and denial of enemy forces. Cyber investments and security are criticalRead MoreCurrent Ethical Issues on Oil Spill1482 Words   |  6 Pagesoil have led to increas ed prices of gasoline whereby alternative forms of energy production are sought. With this in mind, offshore drilling can be a viable option for satiating the need of oil and also to boost the economy of the nation. In this report, I am going to discuss how the current Deepwater Horizon rig explosion has led to disastrous oil spill into the Gulf of Mexico causing environmental problems and also discuss how the oil spill if resolved and with safe and secure drilling techniques

Key issues Theory

Question: Discuss how the critical theory and practice information presented in the articles might influence your practice as a social worker. Answer: Key issues in the critical theory and practice This particular article, Engaging with social work: A critical introduction published by Morley, Macfarlane Ablett, (2014) primarily deal with the effectiveness of critical social work. The key issues that have been primarily identified in this particular study are the essence of human rights and the impact of poverty. While surviving in the society people deserve some of the entitlements. People should maintain equality and equity within the society. The environmental resources should be distributed equally within the society. Apart from human rights, poverty is another issue due to which people of different culture and attitude have to face immense difficulties to exist in the society. When the society people fail to make a balance among social, political and economical factors, it ultimately renders poverty. The ways that literature review relates to the key issues However, in this particular article, the author intends to relate these two issues by providing some practical examples. The two concepts poverty and social issues are inseparably related to each other. Poverty is the effect of economical and social misbalance. People of every culture and background should get equal priority and response. As per the marginalization philosophy, society should not discriminate a person by recognizing high powerful or low. Every person should follow the norms of social justice. Social justice has been considered as one of the most inevitable norms that every society people should maintain. If the persons like to show their grateful attitude towards each other, the society would be able to overcome poverty, crisis and any kind of challenges. Summary of the idea This particular study is endowed with the concept of critical social work. As per the concept of critical social work, current system of society entertains inequality and power division. Society is divided into two categories including people of higher-class society and the people of lower class society. Higher-class society likes to get every advantage from the society by implementing their power and strength. On the other hand, backward people do not get equal priority and response due to their limited power. This kind of discrimination should be strictly avoided within the society. In order to survive within the society, people should follow a social structure to maintain a balance between the haves and haves not. Social structure is consisted with three factors primarily that includes political, economical and historical. People should make an effective relation between government and society. They should follow government plans and policies strictly in order to maintain a suita ble political environment within the society. Economy should be balanced in between the poor and the rich. People from the higher society should always stand behind the lower class people. As a result, the people of different background would be able to lead a successful life. Theories and philosophies In this particular article, the concept of post structuralism theory has been discussed in detail. This particular theory likes to entertain various understandings. Different cultures, religions, the standpoints of various individuals would be entertained within the society. As per human rights, people have every opportunity to lead their life as per their wish. Individuals can express their standpoints at any time. Cultural and religious biasness should never be entertained within the society. The main purpose of constructing post structuralism theory is to make a balance between the haves and have not. Beyond going any kind of cultural and religious boundary, people should maintain unity within the community. Critical reflection This particular article is primarily concerned with the effectiveness of society and the essence of social work. The difference between the equality and equity has been clarified in detail. The importance of human right for maintaining the discipline within the society is one of the major concerns of the authors. This particular article is primarily concerned to discuss on the importance of society and social people. Various aspects of social work have also mentioned in this article. Unfortunately, the authors did not intend to point out the impact of social issues on the people. Poverty has been considered as one of the major issues. The effectiveness of poverty on the society and various ways of overcoming these kinds of social issue has not been pointed out in detail. Therefore, the author could have been more conscious about the impacts of social issues on the people. In addition, the author should mention various positive and negative aspects of following human rights within the society. However, the concept of transformative learning and the socialization has been explained in detail. Reference List: Morley, C., Macfarlane, S., Ablett, P. (2014). Engaging with social work: A critical introduction. Cambridge University Press.

Motivations of Racial Gerrymandering free essay sample

A discussion the racial gerrymandering problem in the U.S. and the Voting Rights Act amended as a result. This paper examines the issue of racial gerrymandering in the U.S. The author provides examples of cases in which Democrats lost seats because of racial gerrymandering. Then, the author discusses the Voting Rights Act as amended by the Supreme Court. From the paper: The Voting Rights Act allowed the U.S. attorney general (who was Nicholas Katzenbach at the time) to review voting practices and determine which states, counties, and political subdivisions were discriminating against nonwhite voters. Using rules set out in the act, the attorney general could identify those places that had a test or device (McWhirter, 1994) that limited voter registration as well as those places in which less than 50 percent of the voting-age residents were registered to vote in the 1964 presidential election. The act also allowed the attorney general to appoint voting examiners to go into these states, counties, or political subdivisions (which were mainly in the South) and register voters who met all requirements for registration other than the illegal test. We will write a custom essay sample on Motivations of Racial Gerrymandering or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The act also required that any changes in voting requirements in the areas that were affected by the act had to be approved by the attorney general. Chief Justice Warren found this to be within the power of Congress as well. In 1970 the Voting Rights Act was amended. The Supreme Court reviewed the constitutionality of the act in the 1970 decision of Oregon v. Mitchell. As different sections of the act were being considered, the Court divided into different voting blocks. A unanimous Court ruled that Congress had the power to end literacy tests across the country. With a vote of eight to one, the Court accepted the idea that Congress could establish uniform standards for voter registration and absentee balloting. By a vote of five to four, the Court upheld the power of Congress to lower the voting age to 18 in all federal elections. By a vote of five to four, however, the Court ruled that Congress did not have the power under the Fifteenth Amendment to lower the voting age to 18 for state and local elections.

The Mexican War

The Mexican War The Mexican War between the United States and Mexico began with a Mexican attack on American troops along the southern border of Texas on Apr. 25, 1846. Fighting ended when U.S. Gen. Winfield Scott occupied Mexico City on Sept. 14, 1847; a few months later a peace treaty was signed (Feb. 2, 1848) at Guadalupe Hidalgo. In addition to recognizing the U.S. annexation of Texas defeated Mexico ceded California and, New Mexico to the United States.At the time of the war, Mexico had a highly unstable government. The federal constitution of 1824 had been abolished in 1835 and replaced by a centralized dictatorship. Two diametrically opposed factions had rose: the Federalists, who supported a constitutional democracy; and the Centralists, who supported an autocratic government under a monarch or dictator. Various clashing parties of Centralists were in control of the government from 1835 to December 1844. During that time numerous rebellions and insurgencies occurred within Mexican territory, including the temporary disaffection of California and the Texas Revolution, which resulted in the independence of Texas.English: Battle of Veracruz during the Mexican-Ame...The Mexican war between the U.S. and Mexico was started because of a Mexican attack on American troops along the southern border of Texas on April 25, 1846. After Winfield Scott occupied Mexico City on September 14,1847, a few months later a peace treaty was signed between Mexico and the U.S. A dictatorial Centralist government in Mexico began the war because of the U.S. annexation (1845) of Texas, which Mexico continued to claim despite the establishment of the independent republic of Texas 10 years before. Another possible cause for the war may be that the U.S. brought on the war by annexing Texas and, just to make Mexico angry, by stationing an army at the mouth of the Rio Grande.International borders have always...

Compare and Contrast Literary Text and Non-Literary Text Essay Example

Compare and Contrast Literary Text and Non Compare and Contrast Literary Text and Non-Literary Text Paper Compare and Contrast Literary Text and Non-Literary Text Paper Nons of non-literary texts are personal diaries, current affairs news, journals, text books and articles. Non-literary composition is written objectively. In contrast, literary texts are fictional compositions based on the artist’s will and imaginations and are therefore subjective. Poetry, novels, short stories and dramas are written in a particular way, and this is referred to as literary text. In literary texts, authors creatively create feelings and ideas to entertain their audiences. Examples of literary texts are poems, short stories and dramas. They have been described as â€Å"the best words in the best order†. The use of sound of words make poems sound like songs when read aloud. Poems have a particular appearance that shows they are poems before even reading the words. Poems have shorter lines than most sorts of writings. Language features refer to the sound of the language in literature, the use of specific vocabulary to describe and clarify the literature or anything used in storytelling to draw the reader’s attention. Language features are the ways in which spoken, written and visual texts are shaped according to personal, historical, cultural, social and workplace contexts. Language features can be everything that the artist-writer uses with particular artistic intentions that is employed in literature and storytelling. Language features of poems are art form that expresses ideas through language, which can be recognized, identified, interpreted and analysed. Literary language features are the means authors use to create meaning through language, and that readers use to understand and appreciate their works. The language features employed in literary prose are written deliberately in a more stylized manner to flow or sing without actually being poetry. In comparing the language features of the poem with the newspaper article, the poem uses literary devices which have different meanings and that allow the reader to interpret. This is because poems have a regular rhythm and repeated lines, words or sounds. However, the author of the news paper article uses words for easy interpretation and understanding, because the messages he is conveying to his readers are facts with figures. No-literary texts are explicit in nature, in that they are written to educate and inform his readers using convincing and/or persuasive language. In the article, for example, the author’s constant uses of question marks invite the readers’ involvement. The author of the news paper article is a third party; this is because he is reporting somebody’s research work to his readers. Whereas Duff, the author of the poem uses first personal pronoun in every sentence to show that it is her own piece of creative work. In respective of the language features used in both texts, the authors communicated their messages to their respective readers. A poem and an article show similarities in language features employed in their construction. They are also written composition to attract readers. Both poem and article make use of language features to make their readers understand them and appreciate their work. However, the sound of the word or language used in building a poem to impart the reader’s mind makes a poem different from an article. The use of metaphors, alliterations to describe objects make poems emotional, creative and appealing also differentiate a poem from an article. Article on the other hand, make clear, accurate and straight forward sentences to put their messages across . Articles are different from poems in that, articles can have as many writers as possible when people, through rejoinders, either contribute constructively or criticize the work of the original writer, whereas, only one writer is recognised in poetry. Above all, poetry involves aspects of language that appeal to, and communicate by sound and sight. In literary text the meaning is linked to the purpose, and it means that the character in the poem is fed up with boredom, loneliness and social isolation. In contrast, the meaning which is linked to the purpose of the article in the newspaper has to do with the wave of knife crime among the youth in United Kingdom. Articles and poems always have meanings for their readers. A poem and an article share similarities when it comes to the choice, use of stock of words in a language and order of words in a sentence. Authors and/or narrators make correct choice of words from in a language and arrange them properly in sentences to express clearly the intended meaning. Writers’ aim is to get the readers’ attention, so syntax and lexis are manner of speaking when used properly in literature. However, Poetry is often a fluid and personal passion without the necessary need to adhere to certain grammar rules or stanza styles. The structure, as seen in the article is more pronounced in that; a good title is created, an introduction that outlined the main features of the subject and described how the subject is all about was explained in a clear way. It had a conclusion. However, the poem has no beginning, middle and ending. Poetry differs in visual form from articles. It has been noticed that the use of prose in article differs in poetry ( Reckin, 2008). Poetry usually appears as a sequence of lines arranged in stanzas rather than a sequence of sentences within paragraphs. The article, as observed in the newspaper has useful sub-headings that gave detailed information about different aspects of the knife crime. The audiences for the two literatures are not the same. Articles target the general public as their audience, because their publications appear in newspapers and magazines, whilst poems appeal to interested readers (Zacharakis et al, 2011). The poem told a story, described an object and situation, narrated an event and finally expresses feelings. Whatever the substance of the remarks and the ultimate message, poetry is characterised by linguistic elements that go beyond standard sentence structure. A poet can speak directly to an audience, much as a narrator in stories. Poetry is the most personal and indirect form of fictional expression. The next stage of the assignment will be to summarise the main structural features of a poem. Poems, like articles have structures. Structure of a literature refers to how written expression is set out on the page. Poetry is restricted expression of the written word and the uses of structures provide the tools of poetry writing. Poetry structures have a collection of rhyming patterns, grammar and imagery. Poems have different structural features (shape) which can be used to classify poems. These features are simple and easy to distinguish, for example, the lines of poems are often much shorter than those of prose. Authors use literature techniques such as metaphors and similes to make poetry more descriptive and interesting and are often used in other forms of writings, such as articles. Personification is also literary technique employed in poetry to give human feelings and actions to objects or ideas. Alliteration, where repetitive consonant sounds at the beginning of the words and repetition of word or a phrase is repeated again and again in such a way to draws the readers attention to it. The use of all these techniques make poetry more creative, imagery and emotional to convey ideas and meaning ( Lowe, 2011). Non-literary texts have come under criticism, due to firstly, the changing society. A change in society will demand a change in one or more techniques normally used in non-literary texts if they are to win the audiences’ attention. Secondly, non-literary texts make use of extra linguistic styles, such as rhymes, rhythm similar to poems or oral literatures, thus making non-literary texts inconsistent. Finally, the ability to narrate one’s personal experience involves a great deal of mastery, creative talents and linguistic skills that can be found in oral or poems. We should not lose sight of the fact that a poem does not affect its reader in quite the same way that a work of prose does. In conclusion, this assignment has described the language features typically used in literary and non-literary texts and critically analysed their effectiveness. It has also applied appropriate linguistic and structural devices from variety of original literatures in my own creative writing. A summary of the main structural features of literary and non-literary texts and how they have been used in creating meaning and mood have been provided. This assignment has also analysed the ways authors use literature techniques to create meaning and ideas, and analysed an argument and implication and inconsistencies of non-literary texts. References Bandle, O. (2002) The Nordic Language: an International handbook of history, Volume 1, Berlin: Die Deutsche Bibliothek. Collins English Dictionary (2009) Collins Dictionary: 175 years of dictionary Publishing, Glasgow: Harper Collins Publishers. Catherine, R. (2006) E. E Cuming, New York: Liveright Publishing Corporation. Little Oxford English Dictionary (2008), Oxford: Oxford University Press. Lowe, I. (2011) A voice of Reason: Reflections on Australia, China: Palgrave Macmillan. Reckin, A. A. (2008) Poem as landscape, space, place and the visual, New York: UMI Microform Publishers. Zacharakis, A. Spinelli, S. Timmons, J. (2011) Business Plans that works: A guide for small businesses New York: Mc Graw Hill Publishers.

Managining Business Facilities Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managining Business Facilities - Assignment Example However, this paper is not purely an expression of complain but just one aimed at elaborating the memorandum so as to quell any future conflicts that many arise from within all the quarters that access these joint services and facilities. Sharing of resources does not imply any weakness in either or lack of investment plans but such arrangement are entered into simply for convenience. Both the facilities run parallel program and they therefore are not competitions for each other. They thus coexist symbiotically. By accepting and signing the memorandum, the two parties committed themselves to the terms of the terms of sharing and by default agreed to uphold its terms to the latter. The two parties signed the memorandum willingly and on grounds of mutual consent. There are thus no stated mechanisms of supervising the application of the memorandum or any manner of punishing whichever party that faults the terms of the agreement. Such an environment creates room for exploitation in the a pplication of the memorandum, as has been the case lately. The facilities manager is one of the key creations of the memorandum. The office was created to observe the application of the memorandum. It seeks to ensure that both the parties enjoy equal rights and access to the services. Additionally, the office addresses any complains pertaining the application of the memorandum. It is understood that the two facilities exist independently yet mutually share the stated resources. The memorandum provides for equal payment for the services, the office of the facilities manager therefore ensures that the dues are paid in time and looks into all the issues raised by the service providers (Painter, 2012). The memorandum effectively provides for the manner in which the facilities are shared, in managing the facilities the office therefore does very little ground work. Besides the

International and pacific Asian Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International and pacific Asian Business - Essay Example However, Deng Xiaoping’s economic reforms clearly transformed the Chinese economy with improved annual 10% growth rate of GNP in the 1980s and marked improvement in the ordinary people’s standard of living (Minami, 1994, P.1). Plan and intention To achieve viable economic growth, the Chinese government lays economic blue prints for its economic developments in phases of five-year plan, which is implemented with specific targets and goals in place. Based on this model, the 9th Five-Year Plan (1996-2000) was quite successful, and the 10th Five-Year Plan (2001-2005) was rolled out with main objectives of â€Å"Sustaining fairly rapid growth, strategic restructuring, and improving the quality and benefits of economic growth so as to lay firm foundations for doubling the 2000 GDP by 2010† (China-un, 2008). This is in addition to â€Å"substantial perfection of the socialist market economy and putting state-owned enterprises on a modern enterprise footing, thus allowi ng greater participation in international cooperation and competition† (China-un, 2008). ... First, the government is very active in national planning and implementation, guided by the largely free economy via sophisticated and powerful monetary and fiscal policies. Secondly, the Japanese way of linking largely private ownership of assets with conservative public-spirited management, especially the role of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) coordinates national industrial policies consistent with economic and social growth (Nationsencyclopedia, 2011). It is the responsibility of MITI to identify and develop industries targeted for Japan economic growth at different times as deemed appropriate through evaluation. Role of culture in the economic development (Confucianism and Guanxi) Culture influences business practices worldwide thereby affecting business management systems in different countries. For China, the traditional Chinese culture is very much involved in most aspects of the society to extent it influences the business management system and the b usiness community at large. For Chinese, in their management system, they tend to be more hierarchical, collectivistic, and context-oriented when compared with westerners, implying that different communication styles are used in Chinese society (Cleland, & Gareis, 2006, P.23-3). Unlike the westerners, the Chinese value interpersonal relationships a lot. The very important aspect of interpersonal relationship value is guanxi (personal relationship or personal connection), that define the basic force that holds the personalized network of influence (Cleland & Gareis, 2006, P.23-3). Guanxi is a major cultural and social part of the Chinese society affecting many areas of Chinese daily life even in the present China. It is products of Confucian values and contemporary

Bachelor of Arts Essay Example for Free

Bachelor of Arts Essay 1.1 FedEx Corporation Overview FedEx Corporation provides customers and businesses worldwide with a broad portfolio of transportation, e-commerce and business services. With annual revenue of US$ 27 billion, the company offers integrated business application through operating companies competing collectively and managed collaboratively, under the respected FedEx brand. Consistently ranked among the worlds most admired and trusted employers, FedEx inspires its more than 250,000 employees and contractors to remain absolutely, positively focused on safety, the highest ethical and professional standards and the needs of their customers and communities. 1.2 Strategic Initiatives Currently, with its exposure to volatile fuel prices, high capital expenditures, and thin margins, FedEx can not stand up to the rigorous rule maker quantitative criteria, but its brand power is a perfect example of a sustainable competitive advantage. FedEx ships over 3 million packages a day. Along the route, those packages, the planes that carry them, the trucks that deliver them, and the people that handle them leave impressions on customers. FedEx recognizes that with every box it delivers and every person that delivers it, a brand impression is made. Brand equity is certainly significant to FedEx since its products and services are less differentiated in this fast changing dynamic competitive market. To remake the corporate image in order to extend and enhance its brand equity is one of the key strategic initiatives that has initiated by the management of FedEx Corporation recently. Other strategic initiatives are to focus on the growth of core package business and supply chain capabilities, and growth through e-commerce and technology, and new services and alliances. 2. DESIGN OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 2.1 HRMS of FedEx FedEx Human Resources develop policies, programs and procedures that not only attract, but also retain the most qualified, talented and diverse employees. To this end, Human Resources have implemented successful recruitment, development and Employee relation programs. The Corporate HR function consists of 45 employees who provide human resources support for the entire FedEx Organization. The overall headcount for this team has not changed in over four years even though the employee base has grown by greater than 30%. Most key programs are linked to the companys diversity strategy to build value and manage a diverse workforce that reflects the rich mix of persons available in the Communities. The HR team regularly attends diversity recruiting career fairs and supports both local and national organizations committed to the development of women and minorities. HR has sought to automate and introduce electronic processes, in order to streamline its various staff function. These include the introduction of an electronic company wide web based Internal Career Opportunities Program (ICOP), that provides employees anytime/anywhere access to available opportunities within the company. Employees can search, apply and be notified of open positions within the organization by logging on to the site. Managers, can also initiate the employment process and receive approval electronically via an on-line employment requisitioning process. The major obstacle that needed to be addressed in the alignment of these two major programs was accessibility, communication and education. Employees were encouraged to submit their personal profiles so that they could receive automatic notifications from the system when positions for which they qualified became available. FedEx has developed a proactive staffing model for its facilities. This program allows the Field organization to add management staffing before the need exists. Recruiting, sourcing and training are done 20 weeks before the individual is expected to begin their career as a service manager. By accessing the HR website, both employees and Managers can obtain a wide variety of information geared to keep their employment information current, provide easy access to employment information (employee handbook) as well as provide access to benefits information and employee centered programs. Online access to the HR Web is available from home and work to all employees. 2.2 VRIO Framework Analysis Value FedEx managers stress that they are a people-first organization. The corporate philosophy statement sums up their view of the source of competitive advantage: People-Service-Profit. FedEx discovered a long time ago that customer satisfaction really begins with employee satisfaction. In other words, the FedEx philosophy is that people are the primary link in the value chain, and thus, value is created by focusing on employees first. Rareness FedEx value and capitalize on the differences of their employees with diversity education programs such as Gender Speak, Delivering Diversity, Introducing Diversity, and Valuing Differences. One of its most successful programs RESPECT provides a process where employees can work together to resolve their differences. Therefore, it would exercise tremendous potential to exploit the rare characteristics of its employees for competitive advantage. Imitability FedEx worked closely with the University of Memphis, established the FedEx Institute of Technology, a unique public-private collaboration designed to advance world-class interdisciplinary research and introduce a new generation of highly skilled graduates to the workforce. The company has more than 219,000 employees globally and expects the alliance will help develop a highly skilled recruitment pool. Organization FedEx is committed to fostering an employee focused culture. It has a well-developed and thoroughly deployed management evaluation system, which involves a survey of employees, analysis of each work groups results by the work groups manager, and a discussion between the manager and the work group to develop written action plans for the manager to improve and become more effective. Data processed are aggregated at all levels of the organization for use in policymaking. Employees are free to share their opinions with management and in turn, work towards the resolution of internal issues within their department by participating on their action planning teams. 3. EMPLOYEE SKILL, MOTIVATION, JOB DESIGN WORK STRUCTURES FedEx has a clear goal to have people who are committed, motivated and well trained. Here are some of the tools and techniques that they have developed: 3.1 Selection FedEx Corp is proactive targeting of candidate sources leads to a richer pool of applicants and enables company to reach better candidates faster. They worked closely with the University of Memphis, established the FedEx Institute of Technology, a unique public-private collaboration designed to advance world-class interdisciplinary research and introduce a new generation of highly skilled graduates to the workforce. FedEx had created a multi-national, multi-lingual recruitment assessment system in identifying candidates most suited to the jobs on offer and capable of operating to the companys global standards and values. 3.2 FedEx Compensation Rewarding System FedExs bonus program is driven by goal sharing. This program encourages employees to achieve strategic goals by basing individual bonus levels on corporate and business unit goals, up to 10% of an employees total compensation. FedExs formula for calculating bonuses includes corporate variables such as contributed operating margin, corporate ROE, net sales, customer returns, shipped kilometers and total unit cost. Putting people first means that FedEx is dynamic in both reward and recognition. For hourly paid staff the pay is geared to individual performance. However, to encourage good team working, there is also a team based Best Practice Pays element. The pay for performance of salaried staff is based upon measures relating to the companys key philosophy. 3.3 Performance Reviews FedEx is a very performance-based company. Every person knows upfront what his performance objectives are and he also knows upfront what he can earn. So the crux of People Service People is a fairly laborious performance management and compensation system. If a person fails in his performance, then the person does not get disciplined, but he gets pulled into a constructive action plan. Employees are encouraged to identify their weaknesses through a personal development programme (PDP). These could be general things like communication skills or dealing with conflicts in the workplace. FedEx has an online training library with 600 courses on things like leadership, project management skills, even something as basic as presentation skills. Employees can log in and take any course, but need to pass. 3.4 Staff Survey The annual staff survey is considered to be one of FedExs biggest business improvement tools. A total of 32 questions are answered electronically in business time over a period of two weeks and participation has increased from 97% to 98%. 4. PRODUCTIVITY, CREATIVITY DISCRETIONARY EFFORT By competing collectively under the FedEx banner, FedEx in service companies benefit from one of the worlds most documented brands. FedEx is one of the most trusted and a respected brand in the world and its brand name is a powerful sales and marketing tool. Among the many reputation awards FedEx conventional during 2004, FedEx ranked seventh in corporate reputation on The Wall Street Journals Harris Interactive/Reputation Institute RQ Gold Survey, and for the third consecutive year, FedEx ranked in the top ten of FORTUNE magazines Americas Most Admired Companies and Worlds Most Admired Companies lists. FedEx is the only transportation company and one of the very few companies overall to rank this highly in all three reputation surveys. FedEx ranked highest in customer satisfaction in the University of Michigan Business School National Quality Research Centers American Customer Satisfaction Index in the parcel delivery category. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., the worlds largest retailer, also selected FedEx as the recipient of its Carrier of the Year award. BusinessWeek recognized FedEx Kinkos in the magazines Web Smart 50 report for the companys innovative use of Internet technology to transform business processes and reduce costs. FedEx is well recognized as a leader, not only in the transportation industry and technological innovation, but also in social and environmental responsibility and corporate governance. Along with a strong reputation among customers and the general public, FedEx is widely acknowledged as a great place to work. In 2004, FedEx was listed among FORTUNEs 100 Best Companies to Work for in America, a list that FedEx have made every year it has been published. It is FedEx people-FedEx greatest asset-that give FedEx it strong reputation. In addition to superior physical and information networks, FedEx has an exemplary human network, with more than 240,000 employees and contractors who are absolutely, positively focused on safety, the highest ethical and professional standards and the needs of their customers and communities. Through FedEx internal Purple Promise and Humanitarian Award programs, FedEx recognize and reward employees who enhance customer service and promote human welfare. 5. IMPROVED OPERATING PERFORMANCE As discussed previously, new strategic role for HRM is very significant for the organizations advancement. System thinking among the line and HR manger is the first step. The performance management and incentive compensation system must define desire employee behavior and reward those behaviors in meaningful way when goals are achieved. Almost 50% of all FedEx spending goes to employee pay and benefits. Many Special Awards to recognize employees performance: i) Bravo Zulu award for outstanding performance beyond normal job expectations. ii) Golden Falcon award for exceptional customer service. iii) Humanitarian Award recognition for human welfare above and beyond work or community standards. iv) Star/Superstar Award a lump sum merit based award for top performers. v) Five Star Awards the highest award for enhancing service, profitability and the spirit of teamwork. Deadly combination and powerful connection are terms to describe the effects of an organization policy of promotion from within on firm performance. But probably not be present in every firm or even most of firms. So the only way that the organization can hope to identify the HR system properly is to adopt system perspective, which means business priorities drive the development of the HRM system. 6. PROFITS AND GROWTH Base on the FedEx second quarters Fiscal 2005 financial report (six months ended November 2004), it shows that FedEx has adapted an effective and efficient HRM system, which has brought up the corporations profit and growth. This is evidential by the following financial analysis:- i) Revenue There is a 23% Revenue growth compare to the last 2nd quarter fiscal year 2004. The revenue has increased from US$11,607 billion to US$14,309 billions in this 2nd quarter fiscal year 2005. FedEx announced that they would expect to have Group Revenue of US$ 27 billions this fiscal year 2005, which is a 9.5% growth. ii) Salary Employee benefits Cost However, in term of Human Resources cost, we can see from the report that it is only an increase of 14%. Compare to 23% increase in revenue. The increase is justifiable. iii) Net Profit FedEx has shown a 212% increase in the Net Income this fiscal year compare with last 2nd quarter, from US$219 millions to US$684 millions, despite the roaring up of oil price, which is also one of the major operating cost, in this year. Their profit result is definitely considered outstanding. iv) Diluted Earning Per Share Obviously, with the high increase of the net income, the diluted earning per share is automatically increase by 210% compare to last 2nd quarter. It is definitely a kind of the positive effect of the HR- Stakeholders value relationship. v) Revenue generated per Employee Based on the US$27 billions Group Revenue generated by the total 250,000 number of employees in FedEx, we will be able to see that the revenue per employee generated is nearly US$108,000. Which is much higher than the world largest package delivery company UPS, who has an annual turnover of US$30 billions and 370,000 employees worldwide, and the revenue generated per employee is only US$81,081. The productivity is much better. This has shown the efficiency and effectiveness of the HRM system. 7. MARKET VALUE From the study of FedEx Corps HRM system, it is undoubtedly that its HRM has strategically adopted high performance work system that creates real shareholder value. Such system has strengthened FedEx HR to become a strategic core competency and have an economically significant effect on firm performance. This also generates the transformation from HRM to human capital management and hence becomes to be a competitive advantage. The consistent increased profits and growth as shown in the companys financial reports has also proved that FedEx HRM has created value and played an important role in the companys achievement and success. FedEx shareholder market value has increased continuously as shown clearly in its financial statements. However, companys HR market value has never been officially computed and shown in the financial statements. Based on the company productivity, FedExs each employee generates revenue of approximately US$108,000 quarterly, which is much higher than the world largest package delivery company UPS, whose per employee generates revenue of only about US$81,081 quarterly. 8. CONCLUSION For FedEx, timing is everything. Delivery on time is essential, and within FedEx, ensuring this performance every time, has meant the transition to systems that provide online, real-time connectivity, bringing improved business processes and increased productivity. With unrivalled logistics solutions, FedEx turned to its Human Resources function, to leverage its competitive advantage. In such a geographically diverse and disparate region, FedEx strives to manage its human capital by minimizing administrative burden and creating a culture of effective self-management. With employees spread across the Region, and in line with its organizations move to an Internet-centric company, FedEx was continuously looking for ways to empower its employees, and allow them to take control of some of their HR functions. Leveraging on PeopleSoft HRMS solution to effectively manage their human capital, it provided FedEx with the scalability and functionality they needed, to enable FedEx to move towards becoming a Real-Time Enterprise. FedEx employees were fully utilizing their self-service functions, and their HR staffs are now free to deliver a more strategic output to the business. They have increased the visibility of HR information to more effectively manage the enterprises most valuable resource human capital. APPENDIX A: BIBLIOGRAPHY Relevant Reference Sites: * www.fedex.com * www.fedex.com/us/investorrelations/2003annualreport/ * www.fedex.com/us/investorrelations/downloads/ * www.fool.com/portfolios/rulemaker/2001/rulemaker010502.htm * www.incomesdata.co.uk/studies/hrmansystems.htm * www.stevieawards.com/pubs/awards/70_1438_8395.cfm * www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb001/is_200309/ai_hibm1G1107999043 * healthproject.stanford.edu/koop/Federal%20Express/description.html * www.hoovers.com/fedex-corporation/ID__10552/free-co-factsheet.xhtml * online.wsj.com/ad/fedex/ * moneycentral.msn.com/investor/research/profile.asp?Symbol=fdx * www.humanresourcesmagazine.com.au/articles/19/0C029319.asp?Type=60Category=1162 * www.bizjournals.com/memphis/stories/2004/08/09/daily3.html * www.quality.nist.gov/FederalExpress_90.htm Evaluation of the Stakeholder Value Relationship Model Assignment BA361 Human Resource Management Page 2 of 12

Amusement Park Physics :: physics theme park roller coaster

Missing formulas A new era in theme parks and roller coaster design began in 1955 when Disneyland ushered in the new era of amusement park design. Disneyland broke the mold in roller coaster design by straying from the typical norm of wooden roller coasters; thus, the steel tubular roller coaster was born. Disneyland’s Matterhorn was a steel tubular roller coaster with loops and corkscrews, which had never been seen before with the wooden coasters. In addition to the new steel tube roller coaster, the new coaster design also proved to be the most stable, allowing for wilder designs. The first successful inverted roller coaster opened up in 1992, and now it is not uncommon to find passengers of various roller coasters with their feet dangling above or below them as they circumnavigate the track. In 1997 Six Flags Magic Mountain opened a roller coaster, that just a few year previous would have been considered impossible. The Scream Machine is 415 feet tall and takes willing riders on an adrenali ne rush using speeds of 100 miles per hour. Technology working with the laws of physics continues to push the limits of imagination and design. Many people do not realize exactly how a roller coaster works. What you may not realize when you are cruising down the track at over 60 miles per hour, is that the roller coaster does not have a motor or engine. At the beginning of the ride the car is pulled to the top of the first hill where it comes to a momentary halt. At this point its potential energy is at a maximum and the kinetic energy is at a minimum. As the car falls down the hill it is losing potential energy and is gaining kinetic energy. It is this kinetic energy that keeps the car going throughout the remainder of the ride. The conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy is what drives the roller coaster, and all of the kinetic energy you need for the ride is present once the coaster descends the first hill. Once the car is in motion, different types of wheels keep the ride running smooth. Various running wheels help guide the coaster around the track. Friction wheels control lateral motion. A final set of wheels keeps the coaster on the track even if the coaster is inverted. Compressed air brakes are used to stop the coaster as it comes to an end. Amusement Park Physics :: physics theme park roller coaster Missing formulas A new era in theme parks and roller coaster design began in 1955 when Disneyland ushered in the new era of amusement park design. Disneyland broke the mold in roller coaster design by straying from the typical norm of wooden roller coasters; thus, the steel tubular roller coaster was born. Disneyland’s Matterhorn was a steel tubular roller coaster with loops and corkscrews, which had never been seen before with the wooden coasters. In addition to the new steel tube roller coaster, the new coaster design also proved to be the most stable, allowing for wilder designs. The first successful inverted roller coaster opened up in 1992, and now it is not uncommon to find passengers of various roller coasters with their feet dangling above or below them as they circumnavigate the track. In 1997 Six Flags Magic Mountain opened a roller coaster, that just a few year previous would have been considered impossible. The Scream Machine is 415 feet tall and takes willing riders on an adrenali ne rush using speeds of 100 miles per hour. Technology working with the laws of physics continues to push the limits of imagination and design. Many people do not realize exactly how a roller coaster works. What you may not realize when you are cruising down the track at over 60 miles per hour, is that the roller coaster does not have a motor or engine. At the beginning of the ride the car is pulled to the top of the first hill where it comes to a momentary halt. At this point its potential energy is at a maximum and the kinetic energy is at a minimum. As the car falls down the hill it is losing potential energy and is gaining kinetic energy. It is this kinetic energy that keeps the car going throughout the remainder of the ride. The conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy is what drives the roller coaster, and all of the kinetic energy you need for the ride is present once the coaster descends the first hill. Once the car is in motion, different types of wheels keep the ride running smooth. Various running wheels help guide the coaster around the track. Friction wheels control lateral motion. A final set of wheels keeps the coaster on the track even if the coaster is inverted. Compressed air brakes are used to stop the coaster as it comes to an end.

Three Day Road Essay

Elijah and Xavier were always the best of friends. From the day they met at Residential School, they started to bond, and had a connection as strong as two brothers. However, they were eventually split apart, as Xavier had decided to fulfill his role as a bush Indian, and left with his Aunt Niska to live in the wilderness. When years had passed, Xavier got lonely, and the only person he wanted to have by his side was Elijah; thus, their friendship was rekindled. Now, many years later, they still have not left each others side. They consider each other as brothers, and yet, Xavier ends up killing Elijah.In the book Three Day Road, it is clear that Xavier enables Elijah’s actions before and during war that lead to Elijah’s eventual death, causing Xavier to fall ultimately responsible for Elijah’s death. Without Xavier, Elijah would not have succeeded in war. He learned how to shoot, hunt and have killer-instinct from Xavier, turning him into an eventual heartless k illing machine. The first example of Xavier being responsible for the training of Elijah comes from the first scene in the book, when both boys are out together for the first time. After hunting and effectively catching a marten, they suspect it to be dead.As they walk closer to the Marten, it is clear to both characters that it is still quite alive and struggling to break free from the trap that Xavier and Elijah had laid. Panicking, Elijah says: â€Å"What do we do, Xavier? † (2) Xavier quickly responds, without hesitation, by running towards the nearest log he can find, and brutally smashing the marten to death with it. Elijah, in shock, is told that it had to be done by Xavier. He believes him. It is clear that the first example of brutal violence that Elijah was exposed to before the war was both with and produced by Xavier.This one moment is what provoked eventual quotes from Elijah in the novel, such as: â€Å"Killing is in my blood. † (236). Without Xavier, Eli jah wouldn’t have known how to kill an animal, let alone a man, therefore causing the battlefields of Europe to be no place for Elijah Whiskyjack. Xavier is a naturally quiet and passive person, which ultimately resulted in always allowing Elijah to continue on with his inhumane actions during the war. â€Å"He seems to be spending more and more time with Grey Eyes, but I don’t ask much of it† (Xavier, 124). Elijah stating that, â€Å"Scalping Fritz feeds my unger† (312), and sharing that, â€Å"I know you don’t like what happens next, so I won’t give you the details† (Elijah speaking to Xavier about scalping, 286). Each of these quotations are examples in the book of Xavier hearing or witnessing something Elijah saying or doing. Xavier sees Elijah doing things morally wrong all the time, and consistently does nothing about it. He doesn’t even utter a word. When Grey Eyes started spending time with Elijah, Xavier automatically assumed that Elijah wouldn’t try morphine, as it ‘isn’t in his nature’ to do such a thing. He did.When Xavier noticed the scalps piling up in Elijah’s army bag, he feared that something was wrong with Elijah. He feared even more when Elijah stated that scalping Fritz fed his hunger. But surely, thought Xavier, Elijah would not become Windigo; he did. As it is clear to see, Xavier did not voice his opinion at important stages in Elijah’s life. Perhaps if Xavier had simply told Elijah that Grey Eyes was not only a bad influence on him, but a bad person in general due to his heavy morphine use, Elijah would have listened to him and not hung around with Grey Eyes, and never become addicted to the drug.Maybe if Xavier had forced Elijah to stop scalping and take a breath from reality, Elijah would have realized that he was getting out of hand and stop taking Fritz scalps altogether. This way, he never would have turned Windigo. As you can see, ther e are two clear times in the novel where Xavier should have been a true friend and voiced his opinion towards Elijah about his problems, but not once did he do so. This caused Elijah to not see any problems with the things that he was doing or even realize what a terrible person he was becoming. It could have all been prevented.Xavier affected not only the events leading up to Elijah’s death, but literally was the one to kill him. In fact, he attempted to kill him twice. The first time was in an army tent. When Xavier suspected Elijah to be sleeping, he pulled out a needle filled with morphine from Elijah’s army kit. He plunged the needle into one of Elijah’s larger veins, but ended up not going through with the injection, as Elijah woke up confused, asking Xavier what he was doing. Xavier quickly responded, saying that he was giving him morphine, and then â€Å"slowly pulled the needle from Elijah’s arm and placed it back in his kit† (323).This at tempt of killing Elijah went miserably wrong, and caused Elijah to question whether or not he could trust Xavier as a friend anymore. It is clear that Xavier did not have the best track record with Elijah at this point. He trained him for War at a young age and did not speak out about both morphine addiction and scalping enemies. Furthermore, he attempted to kill Elijah with morphine, fearing that he had gone mad. By not going through with killing Elijah in the first place, it lead to him having to deal with him one on one in the middle of a crater on the battlefield (368-372).Elijah, knowing that Xavier would have killed him the first chance they were alone, planned to jump Xavier in the crater. Xavier, at this point, had no choice but to kill Elijah; the war machine that he himself had created. He ended up succeeding in this, only to find himself in a hospital days later. The all-out fight to the death between two best friends could have gone either way, however, it never should h ave occurred in the first place. If only Xavier had made different decisions in respect to Elijah as their friendship progressed, the death of Elijah never would have occurred. Xavier is ultimately responsible for the death of Elijah.

Good Hotel Doing Good Doing Well

Good Hotel:Doing Good Doing Well Introduction: Joie De Vivre Hotels Company was found in back in 1987 in San Francisco by Chip Conley. Conley started from opening a Phoeonix Hotel in San Franciso. His first priority or targeted customer were of rock bands, musicians and film makers who mostyly travels for their projects and he me travel agents through out the America and proposed some free massage for tour manager during their stay in the hotel to attract the customer and make them stay in his hotel. And this worked and Conley was successful in making some of nationally known entertainers stay in his hotel.Joie De Vivre is a company which has entire business based in San Francisco and because of which it was negatively impacted by the incident of 9/11 and there was substantial turndown. Joie De Vivre began to expand its network out of San Franciso from 2005 by opening Hotel Angeleno in Los Angeles likewise in 2009 they opened other hotel in different place to spread the market of the ir company more wider. They opened Shorebreak hotel in Huntington Beach,Hotel Erwin in Venice Beach and Pacific Edge Hotel in Laguna Beach. Strategy Plan Of Joie De Vivre'sENVIRONMENTAL POLICY The mission of Joie De Vivre Green Dreams is to prevent the environment and educate not only emplyees but also cutomer to reduce waste and toxins,make the environment a eco-friendly environment and always true to reuse,recylce and reduce the waste. Joie De Vivre is also working to get their hotels a green certificate by their local city or country to show their commitment for the environment and Green Dreams. Joie De Vivre uses the following policies and practices for the Green Dreams to come true: Reduce,Reuse and RecyclePurchasing Environmental Friendly Products Conserve Energy,water and natural resources Generate clean energy through on-site solar production Reduce, Reuse and Recycle: Joie de Vivre try to reduce the wastage by reusing and recycying all the papers,cans,bottles and all the wa ste food and landscape waste. Even when they donates to the charutable organizations they donate those items which can be reused so that they can make other people also play a role in Dream Green project. Toxics Reduction and Environmentally Preferable PurchasingJoie De Vivre always are on the side of not using toxic materials to protect the health of the both employee and guest as well as the environmental health also. They reduce the use of toxic materials as much as they can and they safely recycle the toxic products for reusing it again. They minimize the use of mercury lamps and try not to use them whenever it is possible. They always try to purchase the recycled products. Conserve They conserve the fossil fuels by encouraging the use of public transport rather then private transport to their guest as well as their employee which make thems save fuel.They encourage carpooling among their staff and also by taking part in spare the air campaigns they are conserving the environmen t. Employee Education They train and educate their staff how to reuse,recyle and reduce the cost. This will not only help in making the Green Dream success but it will alse make their employee in their daily life as well . Not only in work but this will help them in their home to reduce,recycle and reuse the waste which they can.

75 Synonyms for Angry

75 Synonyms for Angry 75 Synonyms for â€Å"Angry† 75 Synonyms for â€Å"Angry† By Mark Nichol Are you angry? At the risk of infuriating you, or making you apoplectic or exasperated, here are dozens of words to use to describe your choleric condition more precisely: 1. Acrid: extremely harsh (also refers to an unpleasant taste or smell) 2. Acrimonious: harshly unpleasant 3. Aggravated: angrily agitated 4. Angered: made angry 5. Annoyed: angry about being disturbed or harassed 6. Antagonistic: angrily opposed 7. Antipathetic: expressing antipathy, or aggression or aversion 8. Apoplectic: violently angry, from the adjectival form of apoplexy, the former word for stroke 9. Ballistic: explosively angry, from the adjective describing projectile flight 10. Bellicose: aggressively angry, from the synonym for warlike 11. Belligerent: see bellicose 12. Bitter: harshly upset due to resentment 13. Blue in the face: see frustrated, from the idea of facial discoloration caused by extreme emotion 14. Boiling: extremely angry, with the figurative sense of being agitated like heated water 15. Bristling: defensively angry, suggestive of an animal’s hair bristling as it responds to a threat 16. Burning: extremely angry, from the notion of the body overheating because of the intensity of feeling 17. Caustic: cruelly angry, or sarcastic 18. Cheesed off: see frustrated (can also mean â€Å"bored† or â€Å"disgusted†) 19. Choleric: easily angered 20. Churlish: disrespectfully angry 21. Cold: angry in an emotionally remote manner 22. Contrary: uncooperatively angry 23. Cool: angry but with emotions are held in check 24. Embittered: made upset 25. Enraged: violently angry 26. Exasperated: see frustrated 27. Fired up: see hot 28. Fit to be tied: extremely angry, suggesting that the person angered should be restrained 29. Foaming: so angry as to suggest insanity caused by hydrophobia (rabies), from the idea that foaming at the mouth is symptomatic of the disease 30. Frustrated: angry or upset because of obstacles or challenges 31. Fuming: extremely angry, from the association of the person with a volcano or other heated natural phenomenon 32. Furious: intensely angry 33. Going crook: losing one’s temper 34. Hopping: so angry as to suggest that the person might jump up and down to express or assuage anger 35. Hopping mad: see hopping 36. Horn-mad: extremely angry 37. Hostile: actively intimidating, unfriendly, or resistant 38. Hot: angry, with the sense of physical discomfort caused by emotion 39. Hot under the collar: see hot 40. Icy: see cold 41. Incensed: see indignant 42. Indignant: angry because of a real or perceived slight or unjust attack 43. Inflamed: see hot 44. Infuriated: see furious 45. Irate: see furious 46. Ireful: see irate 47. Livid: intensely angry to the point of being unable to control oneself (livid, however, can also mean â€Å"bruised,† â€Å"pale,† or â€Å"colorful,† with the second sense associated with pain, shock, or fear) 48. Mad: angry; this term has so many other senses and is so easily replaced by any of its many synonyms that it is all but useless except in a statement starting with â€Å"I’m so mad I could . . .† 49. Outraged: angry about an offense 50: Perturbed: upset (also means â€Å"confused†) 51. Pissed off: angry 52. Rabid: see foaming 53: Raging: see furious 54. Rancorous: malevolently angry 55. Rankled: angry or resentful 56. Ranting: irrationally angry 57. Raving: see ranting 58. Riled: upset 59. Roiled: see riled 60: Seeing red: so angry that one’s vision is blurred, or one is stimulated as a bull in a bullfight 61. Seething: repressing violent anger 62. Shirty: angry 63. Smoldering: see seething 64. Sore: see indignant 65. Soreheaded: see indignant 66. Steamed: see hot 67. Steaming: see hot 68: Storming: having a temper or an anger suggestive of stormy weather 69. Stormy: see storming 70. Ticked: angry; also â€Å"ticked off† 71. Vitriolic: see caustic 72. Worked up: upset 73. Wrathful: see furious 74. Wroth: see furious 75. Wrought up: see â€Å"worked up† (This list deliberately omits annoyed and its synonyms, which are numerous enough to merit their own list.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Opening Lines to Inspire the Start of Your StoryHyper and HypoEducational vs. Educative

How To Pronounce Frohe Weihnachten in German

How To Pronounce 'Frohe Weihnachten' in German The most common way to wish someone a merry Christmas in German is to tell them, Frohe Weihnachten. Directly translated, that means merry Christmas.   The German language tends to follow its rules pretty well when it comes to pronouncing a word. Once you memorize the rules, itll be easy to know how to say something you read, even if its a new word.   Until then, here are some tips on how to properly wish someone a frohe Weihnachten in German. Pronunciation Tips Make sure to not pronounce the h in either word. The h is silent, if not a very subtle breath.  Make sure that the dipthong ch is gutteral. This is different than the English pronunciation of a ch. This is best to hear, rather than explain in words.   Each word has a separate audio link. Listen here: Frohe Weihnachten Other Holiday Greetings Here are other common greetings during the holiday season. Each word is linked with an audio guide on how to pronounce it.   Frà ¶hliche Weihnachten: Merry Christmas Frohes neues Jahr: Happy New Year Alles Gute zum neuen Jahr: All the best for the New Year Other Holiday Words and Phrases Here are some other useful holiday words and phrases, without the audio. Frà ¶hliches Hanukkah: Happy Hanukkah Die Grà ¼ÃƒÅ¸e der Jahreszeit: Seasons greetings Der Weihnachtsmann kommt: Santa Claus is coming Gluhwein: Mulled wine (popular in Germany over the holidays) Weihnachtsmarkt: Holiday/Christmas market (a popular tourist activity in Germany over the holidays) Der Engel: The angel Die Christbaumkugeln: Christmas ornaments Die Glocken: Bells Die Geschenke: Gifts

Economic Impact of the U.S. Fast Food Industry on the Global Economy Research Paper

Economic Impact of the U.S. Fast Food Industry on the Global Economy - Research Paper Example Fast foods contain a lot of fats and oils, which when accumulated in the body lead to related diseases like Obesity and diabetes. A research conducted by Currie Janet et al. of the National Bureau of Economic Research (Currie, 2009), on the effects of fast food restaurants on obesity and weight gain show that, the establishment of fast food restaurants has a diverse effect on the rise in obesity cases in the U.S. The research focused on 3 million children to compare school children who are 0.1 mile away from a location of a fast food restaurant, and others who are at 0.25 miles. The researchers put the children under observation for a period to compare on the rate of obesity cases. The researchers also conducted research on 3 million pregnant mothers observed to gauge their weight gain over a period (Currie, 2009). It showed that the growth in weight gain among pregnant mothers increased according to the distance form the fast food restaurant that is the weight gain was more to mothe rs who were near the restaurants as compared to those a bit far (Currie, 2009). The obesity rates observed were almost the same to the school children. The research shows that the availability of fast food restaurants affects the rate of obesity because of the low price on the foods which leads to high consumption. The varying distance between the school children bring almost the same effect on obesity because, the children who are a bit far from the restaurants are constraint to budget hence consume less compared to those near (Currie, 2009). The availability of the fast food restaurants has adverse effects on the health sector in U. S. as the state has to intervene on prevention. This affects the economy of the country as the government increases taxes to cater for... This paper stresses that the high growth in economic standards over the world calls for any possible means of easing life. The fast food industry has developed due to the ease of production of its products and its cheap price. The commitments that people have do not allow them to spend much of their time because they want to beat some deadlines. They do not have time to examine how healthy the food they eat is, and its consequences. The fast food industries started in the U. S according to Schlosser, but after the gradual growth, spread to other countries where they have too established a number of branches, for example, the McDonald’s. This report makes a conclusion that the effects these companies have on the economy of U. S occur in the other countries which have started these industries. Most contents of these foods are unhealthy, and have highly contributed to the rise in obesity and overweight problems which relate other diseases like diabetes which are expensive to treat. Treatment of these diseases becomes a burden to the economy of the world. Diseases like these affect the labor input of a country and this acts as a drawback to the economy. Although the establishment of fast food industries affected the economy of the world through the health sector, it has also positively affected the global economy through the provision of labor to employees, which is a boost to the tax department.

Change Model Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Change Model - Research Paper Example The model requires that the implementation plan should begin by encouraging of the nursing staff to identify the practice questions that are either triggered through identification of a new knowledge or problem. In this plan, the model would that practice questions relating to the response to medical adherence to newly diagnosed young male with coronary heart disease be identified first. This will be essential in allocation of supporting resources to the top-most priorities. The next step that the model requires in implementation plan is formation of a team to develop, evaluate and implement the practice change. This team should be made up of stakeholders in the practice change; the team may include unit managers, interdisciplinary colleagues, and the staff nurses that identified the practice questions. Therefore, a team should be formed comprising of the aforementioned persons in order to effectively implement the plan (Reed and Lawrence, 2008). The model further requires that the team that has been formed should select, critique, review, and synthesize all the available research evidence relating to the implementation plan (Titler et al, 2001). In an event that the evidence is not sufficient, the team can make recommendations using lower evidence levels or by conducting additional research. If the evidence is adequate, then the practice can be initiated. After ascertaining this aspect, the team involved in this implementation plan should pilot the practice change in a bid to determine the effectiveness and feasibility. If the results of the pilot projects are positive, the team should facilitate integration and roll-out of the practice through continuous monitoring of outcomes, education, and leadership support. Thereafter, the Iowa Model requires that the reports of the projects to be shared outside and within the organization through publications and presentations. The model emphasizes on this step as it is important in supporting the

Human Obesity is not Caused Merely by a Weak Will Essay

Human Obesity is not Caused Merely by a Weak Will - Essay Example The UK government in its Foresight programme (2007) recorded a rapid rise in the number of overweight and obese people in Britain, and at an average estimate predicted that by 2050 more than 50% of the UK adult population would become overweight or obese (Foresight, 2007, 5). The recent spurt in global obesity has led to the derivation of a number of factors related to environmental determinants of this epidemic, amongst which eating habits driven by food marketing and reduction in physical activities due to technological advancement, are considered the two major causes (the ‘Big Two’). Despite the popularity amongst of these two factors, it is necessary that other causal factors of obesity are also identified, since an overall understanding of all probable factors are necessary, in order to control this global health hazard.   Discussion Mechanisms that control human appetite or regulates feeding pattern For appropriate regulation of body weight, there must be a good coordination between intake of food and energy output. The current global epidemic of overweight and obesity is owing to the fact that energy requirements of a human are very near to his/her BMI, thus, allowing it to be easily crossed, making it necessary to focus on appetite control. This function of controlling feeding or appetite is performed by hypothalamus, located between pituitary and thalamus in the brain (Legg and Booth, 1994). Neuron clusters are present within the hypothalamus and one such cluster (arcuate nucleus), forms to be the appetite centre. The arcuate nucleus controls the hormones and metabolites through the vagus nerve, while regulating metabolism through the coordination of adipose tissue, intestines, kidneys, and liver activities. Hypothalamus, which controls feeding while coordinating it with appropriate amount of energy expenditure by the body is, therefore, indirectly responsible for maintaining body weight, by balancing physical activities with the amount the food to be eaten (Logue, 2004). Appetite centre is comprised of primary neurons (that control hormonal and metabolite levels), and secondary neurons that after receiving information from the primary neurons, regulate body functions. The primary neurons have cells that can stimulate hunger via production of agouti-related peptide or AgRP and neuropeptide or NPY. It is also comprised of cells that can supress hunger by production of proopiomelanocortin or POMC. Therefore, either activation of AgRP or NPY or stopping the production of POMC can bring about a feeling of hunger (Smith, 1998). Various hormones play major roles in control feeding via the appetite centre. One such hormone is ghrelin, which activates NPY/AgRP and stimulates hunger. The arcuate nucleus also reacts to the hormones leptin and insulin, and here it is seen that insulin suppresses appetite by stopping AgRP or NPY producing neurons and by activating POMC producing neurons. Leptin levels respond to the levels of body fat, and observations reveal that there is an increase in circulating levels of leptin within obese individuals (Schwartz and Morton, 2002). Leptin may suppress appetite by activating inhibitory neurons; however, the arcuate nucleus may also become leptin-resistant. Individuals who are overweight or obese are often seen to possess high levels of leptin, but arcuate nucleus often fails to respond to such high levels. Aberration in the

Invictus and The Alchemist Response Essay Example for Free

Invictus and The Alchemist Response Essay The poem Invictus written by William Ernest Henley is a poem written about courage in the face of death and holding on to ones own dignity despite the indignities life places before us. In the first stanza the poems speaker prays in the dark to whatever gods may be a prayer of thanks for his unconquerable soul. Several things are apparent from the outset: First, the speaker is in some sort of metaphorical darkness, perhaps the darkness of despair. Second, he does not pray for strength, but gives thanks for the strength that he already has. Third, he seems rather flippant about who he is or is not praying to; it is almost a prayer to himself at this point, but not quite. Henley also bring this up in the second stanza where he talks about Gods will or even fate; instead he speaks of the fell clutch of circumstance and insists that he has overcome these bravely and without complaint.The third stanza is about death and what a trifle it seems to the speaker of the poem. This place of wrath and tears, this life, it seems, is not full enough of pain and horror to frighten the poems speaker. And death, the Horror of the shade, could not possibly worry him, being an end to wrath and tears. Notice here that he is not concerned in any way about an afterlife. Death is merely an end to suffering for our speaker. Nothing of any concern seems to lie beyond for him until. This poem is an inspiration to it readers depending on the way you read it. This poem like mentioned before has been written for those suffering from an incurable disease or just going thru a tough time in their life, to give that person some hope and strength. I Can relate to this poem because growing up i’ve been threw lots of illnesses it all started when i was diagnosed with Meningococcal Meningitis when i was just a baby. Than at the age of 16 i was diagnosed with Hereditary Breast Cancer. Going thru this i felt so alone and like my life hit a point of no return i lost hope and faith. I felt helpless and i also felt bad for my family making them so worried about me. Nevertheless i have not let this bring me down or think twice about anything that i set my mind to do. I have enlisted in the Marines and hoping to leave to boot camp in september. Going threw everything i’ve been threw in my life has definitely taught me that everything in life comes in threes , but at the end of the day if you fall down seven times you must get up eight , because you cant let life struggles get in the way of your Personal legend. This Poem is also related to the Alchemist. Santiago hits a point in his journey where he feel’s like he’s losing himself .The alchemist prepares to move on with Santiago to the pyramids, but Santiago complains that he doesn’t want to leave Fatima. The alchemist says Fatima understands that Santiago needs to complete his Personal Legend. at this point Santiago gets frustrated with the alchemist because he doesnt want to leave fatima behind. Another point where santiago loses faith in his journey is towards the end where He feels frustrated that the alchemist didn’t teach him anything, but the alchemist says Santiago should have learned through actions. Santiago asks him why he is an alchemist, and the alchemist explains he learned the practice from his grandfather, when alchemy was simpler. He says men complicated alchemy by writing books about it. Previously, alchemists only needed the Emerald Tablet. Santiago asks what the tablet says, and the alchemist replies that one can’t understand it through reason since it provides a passage to the Soul of the World. The alchemist encourages Santiago to immerse himself in the desert and listen to his heart so he can also gain an understanding of the Soul of the World but at the end of the book santiago continues his journey and finds his treasure than makes his way back to fatima. This relates to the poem because it talks about where a person’s life goes threw so many obstacles but at the end still overcomes those hard times.

Adolescent Eating Disorders Essay -- Health Weight Obesity Anorexia Es

Adolescent Eating Disorders With children as early as age 7 showing dissatisfaction with their body, and as young as 9 starting dieting, eating disorders are a serious issue in our society. Taking a look at perceptions, behaviors, and medical issues associated with the disorders of anorexia and bulimia, scholars have tried to categorize and find answers to the problems which certain adolescents suffer. In this paper I focused on the two major eating disorders of anorexia and bulimia.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1978, Brunch called anorexia nervosa a 'new disease' and noted that the condition seemed to overtake ?the daughters of the well-to-do, educated and successful families.? Today it is acknowledged and accepted that anorexia affects more than just one gender or socio-economic class; however, much of the current research is focused on the female gender. ?Anorexia nervosa is characterized by extreme dieting, intense fear of gaining weight, and obsessive exercising. The weight loss eventually produces a variety of physical symptoms associated with starvation: sleep disturbance, cessation of menstruation, insensitivity to pain, loss of hair on the head, low blood pressure, a variety of cardiovascular problems and reduced body temperature. Between 10% and 15% of anorexics literally starve themselves to death; others die because of some type of cardiovascular dysfunction (Bee and Boyd, 2001).?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bulimia nervosa is a slightly less serious version of anorexia, but can lead to some of the same horrible results. Bulimia involves an intense concern about weight (which is generally inaccurate) combined with frequent cycles of binge eating followed by purging, through self-induced vomiting, unwarranted use of laxatives, or excessive exercising. Most bulimics are of normal body weight, but they are preoccupied with their weight, feel extreme shame about their abnormal behavior, and often experience significant depression. The occurrence of bulimia has increased in many Western countries over the past few decades. Numbers are difficult to establish due to the shame of reporting incidences to health care providers (Bee and Boyd, 2001).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many scholars have employed a variety of research methodology to try and answer the questions of: Why do some adolescents resort to extreme measures to resolve their problems? What can be done to improve the current state of the situ... ... changes of puberty, which may be interpreted as ?getting fat.? Encourage an active lifestyle. This needn?t involve organized athletics necessarily, but rather any movement ? walking, dancing, biking ? that is pleasurable enough to do everyday. References Bee, H. and Boyd, D. (2001). Physical and cognitive development in adolescence. Lifespan Development. 3ed., 292-293. Brunch, H. (1978). The Golden Cage. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Elkins, W. L., Cohen, D. A., Koralewicz, L. M. and Taylor, S. N. (2004). After school activities, overweight, and obesity amoung inner city youth. Journal of Adolescence, 27, 181-189. Fouts, G. and Vaughan, K. (2002). Locus of control, television viewing, and eating disorder symptomatology in young females. Journal of Adolescence, 25, 307-311. Gross, S. and Cinelli, B. (2004). Coordinated school health program and Dietetics professionals: Partners in promoting healthful eating. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 793-798. Muise, A. M., Stein, D. G., and Arbess, G. (2003). Eating disorders in adolescent boys: A review of the adolescent and young adult literature. Journal of adolescent Health, 33, 427-435.

Impact of Trade Liberalization of Bangladesh Essay

Introduction: There exists a wide range of theoretical and empirical literature on the relationship between foreign trade and economic growth in both developed and developing countries. The early literature focused mostly on the role of export in economic growth. The spectacular success of the outward oriented policies in the East Asian countries provided a basis for the adoption of such polices in developing countries like Bangladesh. Accordingly, the literature tried to support or reject the logic of universal application of export led growth policy in developing countries. The dynamic linkages between export and import or import and income did not receive much attention in this literature. But experience shows that in many countries export is highly dependent on import of capital goods and intermediate inputs as well as raw materials giving a case of bivariate causality between trade (export-import) and economic growth. The relationship between foreign trade and economic growth has long been discussed by different school of thought. The theoretical standpoints can be summarized in terms of technological know how, market expansion, resource allocation, ease of balance of payments, employment generation and income creation. (Hossain & Salim 2009). Karl Marx focuses on the role of exchange in economic growth. In his opinion, the expansion of production needs a growing market which will promote production continuously (Chen 2009). The classical school treats the foreign trade as a means of optimal distribution of resources and increasing productivity that stimulate economic growth. In similar vein is Alfred Marshall and his other neoclassical followers and they dictum that trade enhances growth because of the benefits of comparative advantage, full capacity utilization, greater economies of scale and increasing rate of investment and technological change (Krueger, 1978; Kavoussi, 1984). This school identifies five different ways in which foreign trade affects macroeconomics performance of a country: the revenue effect, capital accumulation effect, substitution effect, income distribution effect and the effect of the weighted elements. All these effects together imply that trade strengthens economic growth over time as an economy develops (Chen, 2009). The structuralist school led by Sir William Arthur Lewis (1915-1991) holds that in the dual economy model if the modern industrial sector produces export goods and the traditional agricultural sector produces import substitutes, then foreign trade would expand the market and lead to increase in production. The new growth theories which consider increasing returns to capital put more focus on trade as an argument of growth. According to these theories, international trade leads to technological diffusion that affects the medium and long term output growth of the developing countries by improving productivity. The new trade school (led by Paul Krugman) emphasizes the role of trade in economic growth through economies of scale and improving the optimal allocation of resources. It is claimed that international trade enables countries to specialize in goods and services by stimulating competition and promoting technological change based on â€Å"comparative and competitive advantage†. As a result, consumers would be able to consume more products of better quality at cheaper prices and therefore human welfare would be increased (Gupta at al. , 1997, World Bank, 2002). Economic growth is mainly depend on physical and human capital, technological progress, high rate of savings, macroeconomic stability, capital mobility, trade liberalization and so on. Trade plays important role on economic growth. There is a growing volume of empirical literature on the relationship between foreign trade and economic growth. In the 1970s and 1980s a number of studies examined the relationship between export and growth. Many such studies (see for example, Balassa, 1978; Feder, 1983; Heller & Porter, 1978; Kavoussi, 1984; Michaely, 1977; Ram, 1985; Tyler, 1981) supported the view that export growth promoted overall economic growth. Thus, there is a general question arises in mind: What are the impacts trade liberalization (from inwardness to the outward orientation) on economic growth? What are the dynamics and causality among export, imports and income? Bangladesh is striving hard to boost up its exports in order to meet the import payments, foreign debts, internal expenditure, maximize domestic welfare and also to reduce the country’s dependence on foreign aid grants. Therefore, since independence Bangladesh has experienced different policy regimes to enhance its foreign exchange earnings and rapid economic growth. Bangladesh has pursued a proactive policy of trade liberalization, characterized by removal of Quantitative Restrictions (QR), rationalization of tariff rates, a flexible exchange rate policy and active incentive structure for promoting the export sector and enhancing export sector performance. The objective of this paper is to examine the trade policy (from Inwardness to Openness), structural changes and performance of foreign trade and also examine the causality among export, imports and growth in Bangladesh. After analyzing these issues, some policy suggestions have been put forward to boost up the foreign trade sector so as to enhance foreign exchange earnings. 2. An Overview of Foreign Trade Polices of Bangladesh: From Inwardness to Openness/Trade Liberalization: In the current era of globalization, trade liberalization emerges as one of the most effective policy concerns for governments all over the world, especially for developing countries. Trade liberalization is believed to enhance economic growth and development through specialization and technological advances. In the post-war period, in line with the mainstream thinking, many developing countries adopted in inward-looking strategy of development. This strategy, particularly when it went beyond the easy first stage, led to distorted incentive and misallocation of resources. It favored import-substitution (advocates replacing imports with domestic production) at the cost of export. It also involved undue governmental intervention in the working of the market. Because of the widespread â€Å"government failure† to ensure adequate growth, and because of the successful example of export-led growth in South-East Asia, pendulum began to shift to trade liberalization and greater openness since the late 1970s and early 1980s. According to the World Development Report 1987, an outward-oriented strategy is defined as one in which the incentive structure is neutral between import-substitution and export production. Thus, an export-led growth strategy does not require a favored treatment for exports in the form of subsidies or other incentives; only a eutral policy regime which does not discriminate between domestic and export production. In a nutshell, the main requirements of this strategy would be moderate tariffs (preferable a uniform rate of tariff), dismantling of quantitative restrictions such as import licensing or quotas, a market-oriented exchange rate regime (as overvalued exchange rate would discriminate against exports and favor imports) and market-friendly laws and rules rather than discretionary controls. After independence in 1971, Bangladesh like her neighbors in South Asia pursued an inward-looking import-substitution strategy of growth. This was mainly characterized by the nationalization of all heavy industries and financial institutions. Import substitution policy (a trade and economic policy that advocates replacing imports with domestic production. It is based on the premise that a country should attempt to reduce its foreign dependency through the local production of industrialized products) was the basic premise of such state intruded and controlled development strategy where the role of the private sector was shriveled. The result of such a strategy was so painful that Bangladesh faced balance of payments (BOP) disequilibrium, foreign exchange shortage, and relatively low growth rate of national income and micro inefficiencies like inefficient import competing enterprises producing low quality products. Furthermore, the debt crisis in the early 1980 provided an important argument for trade reform. Consequently, since 1982 on being advised by the developed countries, along with the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank (WB), Bangladesh has started to shift its trade strategy to a strong outward looking one as part of market oriented economic reforms (structural adjustment packages) particularly after the year of 1985.